delegate
delegate和represent的区别
第一组
1. 名词（词组）
bias－>prejudice/discrimination 偏见；歧视
big city－>metropolis 大都市
chance－>alternative 机会；选择
character－>trait / individuality / personality 品质；特性；个性
child－>juvenile 孩子；青少年
clash－>conflict/collision 冲突
custom－>convention/tradition 传统；习俗
delegate－>representative 代表
detail－>specific 细节
lawmaking－>legislation 立法
offspring－>descendant 后代；子孙
value－>merit 价值
2. 动词（词组）
absorb－>assimilate 吸收
agree partly－>agree with sth reservedly 有保留地赞同
arouse－>ignite / stimulate / spur / motivate / stimulate 引起；鼓励
change－>alter 改变
consider－>take into account / consideration考虑
devote to－>dedicate to / commit to把……奉献于；专注于
emphasize－>accentuate / stress强调
expect－>anticipate 期望；预期
explain－>interpret / illustrate 解释；说明
get into chaos－>with chaos ensuing 陷入混乱
hand in－>render / submit提出
join－>participate in参加；参与
lead to－>contribute to / conduce to / result in 导致；产生……的结果
limit－>stress / hinder / hamper / block限制；阻止；阻碍
operate－>manipulate 操作；操纵
provide－>lend / offer 提供；给予
publicize－>propagandize 宣传；公布
sway－>vacillate 影响；摇摆，使摇摆
think－>contemplate/muse/meditate/retrospect 思考；考虑；想起
thrive－>prosperous (a.) / flourishing (v./a.) / prosperity (n.)
undermine－>sap/enervate/debilitate 破坏；使衰弱，衰竭
use－>employ/utilize 使用；利用
want－>intend to/tend to/be inclined to 希望；倾向于
want to－>desire 想要
3. 形容词/副词
first－>primarily / initially首先
hardly－>scarcely / barely 几乎不
hurt－>vulnerable 受伤的；易受攻击的
inevitable－>indispensable 必然的；不可缺少的
in fact－>actually/virtually / factually事实上；实际上
key－>crucial/vital/consequential 关键的；重要的
large－>miraculous/marvelous 大的；不可思议的（表程度）
maybe－>probably 也许；大概（ad.）
more and more－>increasing/growing 越来越多的
obvious－>conspicuous 明显的；显著的
old－>ancient 老的；古老的
proper－>apposite 适当的；合适的
persuasive－>thorough/sound/specific/convincing 有说服力的
true－>accurate 正确的；准确的
vague－>gratuitous/unwarranted/oversimplified 模糊的
well-known－>outstanding 著名的
4. 其他
although－>albeit/notwithstanding 尽管（conj.）
because－>in that－>since－>seeing 因为（conj.）
but－>nonetheless/nevertheless 然而；但是（conj.）
through－>in term of/via 通过（prep.）
to sum－>to summarize/in conclusion 总之；最后
第二组
解决：deal with, cope with, handle, tackle, solve, resolve, address
消除：get rid of, eradicate, eliminate
依赖：rely on, depend on, count on
十分：very much, immensely, hugely, largely, greatly, enormously, tremendously
损害：damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair
给予：give, offer, render, impart, provide
发展：develop, cultivate, foster
优势：advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength
缺陷：disadvantage, detect, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness
第三组
conventional
== traditional, historical, past, accepted, common, regular, routine, mainstream, ordinary
early
== first, old, ancient, primitive, previous, former, remote
simulate
== virtual, create, reproduce, pretend, imitate
artificial
== synthetic, fabricated, contrived, fake, mock, bogus, counterfeit, pseudo
reduce
== curtail, cut, decrease, halve, impair, lessen, moderate, trim, slash
future
== what's next, prospect, approaching, expected, destined, forthcoming
worldwide
== international, cosmopolitan, global, universal, ubiquitous, widespread, around the world
develop
== evolve, advance, grow, improve, progress, flourish
find
== discover, come across, encounter, hit on, expose, notice, note, observe, recognize, spot, uncover
demand
== request, claim, need, order, require, call for
decline
== decrease, degeneration, drop, fall, recession, depression, reduction, slump, worsening
significance
== importance, milestone, impact, justification, gist, implication, point, purport
prevalent
== common, usual, prevailing, widespread, systematic, collective, general, popular
objection
== challenge, complaint, disapproval, opposition, protest, query, question
obstacle
== bar, barricade, barrier, block, blockage, check, obstruction, problem, snag, hurdle
commercial
== business, economic, financial, mercantile, profitable, pecuniary
inevitable
== unavoidable, certain, destined, fated, inescapable, sure
military
== armed, belligerent, army, weapon, warlike
role
== function (provide, support, weaken, smooth, solve), job, position, duty, post, task, contribution
recent
== modern, current, now, nowadays, today, contemporaneous, new, novel, present, up-to-date, state-of-the-art
difficulty
== handicap, hardship, adversity, challenge, complication, dilemma, perplexity, plight, trouble
how
== describe, operate, explain, clarify, demonstrate, elucidate, expound, illustrate, interpret, account for
context
== setting, circumstances, environment
spectacular
== stunning, impressive, magnificent, dazzling, breathtaking
habitat
== home, locale, environment, surroundings
infect
== contaminate, pollute, taint, poison
cite== quote, mention, refer to, allude to
better== improvement, advancement, progress
convert== change, alter, transform, renovate
functional== operational, serviceable
fascinate== captivate, charm, enthrall, entice, allure
undertake== take on, assume, carry out
designate== title, entitle, term, call
identify== recognize, pinpoint, detect, ascertain
senior== leading, chief, primary, superior, major
incorporate== include, absorb, integrate, unite
multifarious== diverse, varied, various, miscellaneous, diversified
avenue== method, approach, methodology
underlie== lie beneath, bring about, trigger, cause, inspire
domain== area, field, sphere, province, realm, territory
orientation== direction, positioning, placement, location
第四组
1. important = key / essential / crucial / critical / vital / significant
2. common = popular / prevalent / universal / ubiquitous
3. abundant = ample / fruitful / plentiful / surplus
4. stick to= adhere to / cling to
5. neglect = ignore
6. near =adjacent / adjoin
7. pursue = woo / seek
8. accurate = precise / exact
9. vague = ambiguous / obscure / opaque
10. top = peak / summit
11. competitor= rival / opponent
12. blame= condemn (if you condemn sth., you say it is very bad and unacceptable)
?13. opinion= perspective, standpoint (means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)
?14. fame= prestige (describe those who are admired), reputation
?15. build= erect (you can erect sth. as buildings, formal), establish
?16. insult= humiliate (do sth. or say sth. which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)
?17. complain= grumble (complain sth. in a bad-tempered way)
?18. primary= radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental
?19. relieve= alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)
?20. force= coerce into (coerce means you make someone do sth he does not want to [He was coerced into making a confession.]), compel
?21. enlarge=magnify (magnify means make sth. larger than it really is)
?22. complex= complicated / intricate (if sth. is intricate, it often has many small parts and details.)
?23. lonely= solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her.)
?24. small= minuscule (very small), minute [mai’nju:t]
?25. praise= extol (stronger than praise), compliment (polite and political), eulogize
?26. hard-working= assiduous (someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly.), diligent, industrious
?27. difficult= arduous (if sth. is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts.)
?28. poor (soil)= barren, infertile (used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it.)
?29. fragile= brittle, vulnerable (someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)
?30. show= demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means to make it clear to people.) ; exhibit; display
?31. big= massive (large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal (use this word, you emphasize sth. is large), tremendous (informal)
?32. avoid= shun (if someone shuns sth., he deliberately avoid sth. or keep away from it.)
?33. fair= impartial (someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on sth.) ; unbiased
?34. attack= assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently)
?35. dislike= abhor (abhor means you hate sth to an extreme extent for moral reasons [They abhor all forms of racial discrimination]), loathe (dislike very much [I loathe having to get up so early in the morning.]); resent
?36. ruin= devastate (it means damage sth. very badly, or utterly destroy it.)
?37. ability =capacity =capability =faculty =gift =aptitude =competence =genius = talent
?38. abolish = cancel = repeal 这些动词均含“取消、废除”之意。
?abolish：正式用词，指彻底废除某种制度、规章或习俗。
?cancel：用法广泛，多指取消债务、合同、证书、比赛、旅行、计划或约会等。
?repeal: 书面用词，指撤销立法机关通过的协议、法案或法律等。
?39. always= invariably (the same as always, but better than always)
?40. forever= perpetual (a perpetual state never changes), immutable (sth immutable will never change or be changed immutable truths ); ever-lasting; permanent
?41. surprise= startle (it means surprise you slightly), astound (surprise you to a large degree), astonish (the same as astound)
?42. enthusiasm= zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere enthusiasm), passion; zest
?43. quiet= tranquil (calm and peaceful), serene (calm and quiet)
?44. expensive= exorbitant (it means too expensive that it should be)
?45. luxurious= lavish (impressive and very expensive), sumptuous (grand and very expensive)
?46. boring= tedious (if you describe sth tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating); monotonous
?47. respect= esteem (if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. formal); revere
?48. worry= fret (if you fret about sth, you worry about it. The old lady is always fretting over sth unimportant. ); concern
?49. cold= chilly (unpleasantly cold), icy (extremely cold)
?50. hot= boiling (very hot)
?51. dangerous= perilous (very dangerous, hazardous (dangerous, esp. to people's safety and health)
?52. nowadays= currently
?53. only= unique (the only one of its kind); sole; distinctive
?54. stop= cease (if sth ceases, it stops happening or existing.)
?55. part= component (the components of sth are the parts that it is made of.); element
?56. result= consequence (the results or effects of sth)
?57. obvious= apparent; manifest [It was their manifest failure to modernize the country's industries.]
?58. based on= derived from (取材于…)
?60. quite= fairly
?61. pathetic= lamentable 可悲的/令人惋惜的 (very uncomfortable and disappointing)
?62. field= domain (a particular field of thought, activities or interest)
?63. appear= emerge (come into existence)
?64. whole=entire (the whole of sth)
?65. wet= moist (slightly wet); damp (slightly wet); humid (very damp and hot)
?66. wrong= erroneous (incorrect or partly correct)
?67. difficult= formidable [There's no formidable obstacles in the world. ]
?68. change= convert (change into another form); alter; transform
?69. typical= quintessential (this word means represent a typical example of sth.)
?70. careful= cautious (very careful in order to avoid danger); prudent (careful and sensible)
?71. ability= capacity; capability (the same as ability)
?72. strange= eccentric (if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people.)
?73. rich= affluent (if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)
?74. use= utilize (the same as use)
?75. dubious= skeptical (if you are skeptical about sth, you have doubts on it.)
?76. satisfy= gratify (if you are gratified by sth, it gives you pleasure and satisfaction.)
?77. short=fleeting; ephemeral (if sth is ephemeral, it lasts a short time. Most newspapers are of ephemeral interest.)
?78. scholarship= fellowship
?79. angry= enraged (extremely angry)
?80. smelly= malodorous (used to describe an unpleasant smell)
?81. ugly= hideous (if sth is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)
?82. attractive= appealing (pleasing and attractive); absorbing (sth absorbing can attract you a great deal); charming
?83. diverse= miscellaneous (a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things); various
?84. disorder= disarray; chaos
?85. crazily= frantically (used to describe someone who behaves in a wild and uncontrolled way)
?86. rapid= meteoric (meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves success quickly. (a meteoric rise to fame 一夜成名meteor)
?87. ordinary= mundane (very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual.
（I found the job very mundane. 我觉得这工作非常单调。）
?88. despite= notwithstanding (formal)
?He was misunderstood notwithstanding his good intentions.
?89. best= optimal (used to describe the best level sth can achieve)
?90. sharp= acute (severe and intense)
?91.unbelievable= inconceivable (if you deem sth inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen.)
?92. puzzle= perplex (sth perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it.) ; bewilder
?He perplexed me with this problem.
?93. method= avenue (a way of getting sth done)
?Books are avenues to knowledge.
?94. famous= distinguished (used to describe people who are successful in their career.)
?95. ancient= archaic (extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)
?96. decorate= embellish (embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else.)
?97. possible= feasible (if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved.)
?98. so= consequently; accordingly
?99. rare= infrequent
?100. greedy= rapacious (greedy and selfish)
第五组
1．表示“能力”意思的词语：ability, capability, competence, faculty, capacity, gift, talent
2．表示“目的、目标”意思的词语：aim, purpose, intent, intention, goal, end
3．表示“关系、联系”意思的词语：ties, bonds, links, connection, association, relations, combination, relationship, interrelations, relevance
4．表示“差别”意思的词语：difference, distinction, differentiation
5．表示“资本、资金”意思的词语：capital, fund, relief, money,
6．表示“个人”意思的词语：person, people, folks, individuals, man, human being
7．表示“意义、含义”意思的词语：meaning, significance, implication, connotation
8．表示“部分、成分”意思的词语：part, element, ingredient, component, factor, segment
9．表示“不平等、歧视”意思的词语：inequality, bias, prejudice, discrimination
10．表示“对手”意思的词语：opponent, rivals / “支持者”proponent, advocate
11．表示“商品”意思的词语：commodity, goods, article, item
12．表示“将来”意思的词语：future, prospect
13．表示“理由”意思的词语：reason, ground, cause, factor, agent
14．表示“后代、子孙”意思的词语：offspring, descendant, posterity, children
15．表示“补充”意思的词语：complement, supplement，append
16．表示与“树木”有关的词语：bush, shrub, jungle
17．表示“边界”意思的词语：boundary, border, frontier, verge
18．表示“错误”意思的词语：blunder, error, mistake, fault
19．表示“基础”意思的词语：basis, foundation, ground
20．表示“会议”意思的词语：assembly, conference, congress, seminar, session, summit, symposium, meeting, gathering, party
21．表示“区域”意思的词语：area, district, region, vicinity, zone
22．表示“成就”意思的词语：accomplishment, attainment, achievement, success
23．表示“要点、摘要”意思的词语：abstract, digest, outline, summary
24．表示“程度”意思的词语：to the degree, to some extent
25．表示“生气”意思的词语：anger, fury, indignation, resentment, hate, hatred
26．表示“ 痛苦，悲伤 ”意思的词语：pain, sadness, unhappiness, misery, anguish
27．表示“标准”意思的词语：standard, criteria
第六组
1．表示“导致”意思的词语：lead to, bring about, give rise to, give birth to, contribute to, cause…to, result in, engender, render, prompt, cause, make, result from（起因于）
2．表示“面对、偶遇”意思的词语：confront, be confronted with, face, be faced with, meet with, encounter
3．表示“集中于”意思的词语：center on, focus on, concentrate on
4．表示“对付、处理”意思的词语：deal with, cope with, grapple with, handle, tackle, solve, resolve, address, manipulate
5．表示“消失”意思的词语：disappear, vanish, fade, perish
6．表示“减少、增加”意思的词语：diminish, lessen, decrease, drop, reduce, fall, /accumulate, increase, rise, soar, rocket
7．表示“依靠、依赖”意思的词语：rely on(upon), depend on(upon), count on (upon), rest on(upon)
8．表示“变化”意思的词语：change, turn, vary/range, alter, transform, shift, convert
9．表示“指控”意思的词语：charge with, accuse of, sue for, condemn, denounce, prosecute
10．表示“克服、战胜”意思的词语：overcome, conquer, defeat,
11．表示“获得、得到”意思的词语：achieve, obtain, get, accomplish, earn, attain, secure, acquire, gain
12．表示“抓住”意思的词语：catch, seize, capture, catch hold of, grab, grasp
13．表示“限制”意思的词语：limit, confine, restrict.
14．表示“强迫”意思的词语：compel, constrain, force, oblige
15．表示“责怪”意思的词语：blame, condemn, reproach, scold
16．表示“困惑、迷惑”意思的词语：bewilder, puzzle, confuse, embarrass, perplex
17．表示“赞扬、称赞”意思的词语：applaud, clap, commend, praise
18．表示“扩大、加强”意思的词语：amplify, enlarge, stretch, magnify, reinforce, expand
19．表示“声称”意思的词语：affirm, assert, allege, claim, announce, proclaim
20．表示“附加”意思的词语：affiliate, link, attach, append
21．表示“调整、改变”意思的词语：adjust, regulate, rectify, amend, convert, alter, modify, transform, vary
22．表示“提供”意思的词语：accommodate, afford, furnish
23．表示“取消、除掉”意思的词语：abolish, cancel, eliminate, dispose, erase, exclude, extinguish
24．表示“遵守”意思的词语：abide by, adhere to, conform to , comply with
25．表示“繁荣、兴旺”意思的词语：flourish, boom, prosper, succeed.
26．表示“阻止、停止”意思的词语：stop…from, prevent...from, keep from, halt, pause, cease
27．表示“忍受”意思的词语：endure, bear, stand, tolerate, put up with, live with
28．表示“来自于，出自于，起因于”意思的词语：come from, arise from, derive from, originate from, stem from, result from.
29．表示“起作用，有重要性”意思的词语：count, matter, play a role, play a part
30．表示“吃惊,惊奇”意思的词语：surprise, shock, amaze, astonish, astound
第七组
1．表示“与……有关/联系”意思的词组 ：Be relevant to, be related to, be tied to, be linked to, be associated with, be connected with, be combined with
2．表示“好”意思的词语：wonderful, excellent, good, super, superb, magnificent, first-class, remarkable, fantastic, cool, splendid.
3．表示“充足”意思的词语：sufficient, enough, adequate, rich, abundant, plentiful
4．表示“不足”意思的词语：lack, be short of, for want of, for lack of,
5．表示“可怕、有害”意思的词语：dreadful, terrible, frightening, horrible, awful, harmful, bad, detrimental, adverse, unfavorable, negative.
6．表示“有能力做”意思的词语：be competent in/as/to do , be capable of , be qualified for/as, be able to
7．表示“传统、习惯 ”等有关的词语：traditional, conventional, customary, habitual, social, global
8．表示“许多、大量 ”意思的词语：many/much, a lot of/lots of/, a large number of, a large amount of, plenty of , plentiful, considerable, ample, numerous, countless,
9．表示“合不合适”意思的词语：right, proper, suitable, appropriate, fit, improper, unsuitable, inappropriate, unfit
10．表示“效果、效率”意思的词语：effective, effectual, efficient, sufficient
11．表示“合不合理 ”的词语：logical, reasonable, sensible, rational, /illogical, unreasonable, irrational
12．表示“倾向于”意思的词语：be likely to, be liable to, be inclined to, be apt to, tend to
13．表示“意不意识到”的词语：be aware of, be conscious of, be unaware of, be unconscious of, subconscious（潜意识的）
14．表示“简短”意思的词语：brief, concise, in brief, in short
15．表示“合不合法”意思的词语：legitimate, lawful, legal, illegal
16．表示“精确、准确”意思的词语：accurate, precise, exact
17．表示与“身体”有关意思的词语：bodily, physical, mental, spiritual, materialistic
18．表示“态度”意思的词语：optimistic, pessimistic, objective, subjective, impartial
19．表示与“谨慎、小心”有关意思的词语：careful, cautious, prudent, careless, carefree
20．表示“虚弱”意思的词语：weak, fragile, frail, invalid, feeble, vulnerable
21．表示“基本”意思的词语：basic, elementary, fundamental, primary
22．表示“天生”意思的词语：inborn, innate, inherent, gifted, talented
23．表示“普遍、一般”意思的词语：average, common, general, universal, usual
24．表示“明显的，清楚的”意思的词语：apparent, evident, self-evident, manifest, obvious, distinct, clear/ ambiguous, obscure, unclear
25．表示“严重的、紧急的”意思的词语：acute, critical, crucial, urgent, serious, emergent
26．表示“愚蠢,可笑”的词语：absurd, ridiculous, silly, foolish, stupid, ironic, funny
27．表示“节约,奢侈 ”的词语：economic（经济的）, economical（节约的）, thrifty（节省的）, simple, luxurious, extravagant(浪费的), generous（大方的）
28．表示“富裕”意思的词语：rich, wealthy, affluent, well-off
29．表示“仅仅,唯一，就是”意思的词语：only, just, merely, solely, simply, uniquely, alone
30．表示“可能的”意思的词语：possible, likely, probable, presumable
31．表示“有决心的，坚定的”意思的词语：determined, resolute, firm, decisive
32．表示“不断的,不停的”意思的词语：continual, continuous, uninterrupted, successive, eternal, endless, successful(成功的), succession(连续不断)
33．表示“永久的,永恒的”意思的词语：lasting, ever-lasting, permanent, perpetual, temporary(暂时的)
34．表示“致命的,要死的 ”意思的词语：deadly, fatal, mortal
35．表示“重要的,必要的,关键的”意思的词语：important, significant, vital, critical, crucial, necessary, essential, indispensable
36．表示“ 愿不愿意”意思的词语：Willing, unwilling=reluctant
37．表示“喜欢、感兴趣”意思的词语：be interested in, be keen on, be fond of, be crazy about, be enthusiastic about, be addicted to(上瘾)
delegate词根
delegate, 是委派代表的意思，de+leg+ate， de-是表示‘去掉，向外’的前缀，leg-是表示‘口头的、法律的’词根，毕竟古时候所谓的法律不就是国王的‘口谕’嘛，所以，leg-同时有‘口头的’和‘法律’的含义。delegate，合起来就是‘向外派驻法律人员’的含义，更多单词有：deficit，赤字，不足额，逆差debug，调试，字面是‘去掉虫子’lecture，演讲，讲课lecturer，演讲人legal，法律的illegal，非法的，delegate，委派代表delegated，坚定的，效忠的
